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can you become cleverer, or are you born with a certian level of intelligence

edited March 2009 in General
hi

i would just like to know youre views on this everyone.

for example, if there is someone who works really hard and revises can he grasp subjects like mathematics the same as someone that is naturally better at it.

and is there such a thing as being natureally better at it, or can anyone be as good as anyone else if they try....
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Comments

  • edited December 2008
    I'm guessing you aren't a psyc major, but people aren't born with a certain level of intelligence.

    For one, the term intelligence is a social construct, how can people be born with an artificial quality?

    Two, people can be born with a disease that limits their brain development, which would make them less 'intelligent'.

    If you look at studies of people who were born neglected or in the wild, their psyches are lost, and aren't able to learn and compare to other human beings.

    How are you defining cleverer or knowledge? If you read books clearly you will remember more things, if thats how you define knowledge then you can increase it, and its not innate.
  • edited December 2008
    I'll quote from the psyc 100 textbook.
    Overall, the pattern is quite clear: The more genes people have in common, the more similar their IQs tend to be. This is very strong evidence that genes play a significant role in intelligence, accounting for 50-70 percent of group variation in IQ (Petrill, 2003; Plomin & Spinath, 2004).
    In some study, the correlation of identical twins' IQ's when they were raised together was .85. It was .75 when they were raised separately. The correlation of people with different parents but who were raised together was .32.
  • edited December 2008
    You're making use of IQ which is a unanimously frowned upon test in academic circles. Twin studies as well are not a end-all test for biological factors.

    Twins have more in common than regular siblings, thus explaining that possible difference, especially mono-zygotic twins.

    Adoptive parents generally have things in common as a group (people who want children that bad generally are going to have the resources to support a child and the will power to really want to take care of a child, unlike some paternal parents).

    People aren't born with different levels of being able to figure out square roots of quadratic equations. Maybe they family they are born into (the social environment) has a lot to do with it, or the individuals own desires and goals life, but I extremely doubt anyone is born with a level of capability. Just a level of un-capability when born with biological defects.

    For example, asian families often pressuring their children to succeed in school, and thus they tend to get higher grades as a whole on average. It's not that theyre asian, but the social environment.
  • edited December 2008
    iVamp;42180 said:

    For one, the term intelligence is a social construct, how can people be born with an artificial quality?

    Just because intelligence is considered a social construct does not mean you cannot be born with a superior or inferior "artificial quality" of that construct. Some people are born smarter than others while some have defects that make them less desirable on this construct.

    From what I remember in one of my classes, one of the hypothesis of how "intelligence" works is a natural range that one can achieve depending on how that person goes about maxing out their potential.
    For example, person A can have a range of 70-90IQ, he works really really hard at his academic work and takes in knowledge wherever possible, he might be at the high range of his IQ whereas person B has a range of 85-105 but hes quite the slacker and does not do anything more than he is required, so he is probably at the bottom end of his range thus pitting the two at roughly the same IQ

    By IQ I just mean the hypothetical measuring bar. I don't want to get into some debate about how the IQ tests favour one over another and such. We can call it QI for all that matters.
  • edited December 2008
    iVamp;42187 said:

    People aren't born with different levels of being able to figure out square roots of quadratic equations. Maybe they family they are born into (the social environment) has a lot to do with it, or the individuals own desires and goals life, but I extremely doubt anyone is born with a level of capability. Just a level of un-capability when born with biological defects.
    Don't be silly, of course they are. While I'm not denying societal factors play a huge role, in fact I'm all for that. But saying some people aren't naturally better at math (or some other area) than others is just not true. Do you think Einstein and Hawkings or whatever other famed physicist/economist and what have you are just that much more hard working than the rest of the population, and should we work super hard at whatever it is that they discovered, we can make equally glass shattering discoveries?
    Or from a different perspective, do you think we can all write like Shakespeare?
    How about the prodigy composers like Mozart and such. Are they not born with an extraordinary level of capability?
  • edited December 2008
    I am moving this into debates.
  • edited December 2008
    IQ is nonsense when measuring absolute intelligence, but it is still somewhat useful for measuring relative intelligence. Barring any "culturally biased" questions, a significant difference in IQ between two people is usually indicative of a difference in intelligence.
  • edited December 2008
    DaNoobie;42194 said:
    Don't be silly, of course they are. While I'm not denying societal factors play a huge role, in fact I'm all for that. But saying some people aren't naturally better at math (or some other area) than others is just not true. Do you think Einstein and Hawkings or whatever other famed physicist/economist and what have you are just that much more hard working than the rest of the population, and should we work super hard at whatever it is that they discovered, we can make equally glass shattering discoveries?
    Or from a different perspective, do you think we can all write like Shakespeare?
    How about the prodigy composers like Mozart and such. Are they not born with an extraordinary level of capability?
    I'm not being silly at all, you can't prove people are born with 'high intelligence' either, nor can I disprove it. All I'm saying is the effort people put into things I believe is paramount. I do believe Einstein and Stephen Hawking are more hard working. Some people are better than others at the effort they put out. By saying people are born with a different level of intelligence is basically throwing out the entire concept of learning.

    Are you saying at age 2 Mozart was composing? You offer no evidence in your claims about these famous people in history, that they were born smarter or cleverer than others.

    What about untapped potential in people? Or people who keep things to themselves? People who choose not to aspire to anything because they are content with the status quo and living a peaceful life.

    I'm not saying those who put out effort are going to achieve mastery, because each persons maximum effort is different, in accordance to how they were raised, how they think, and how they function.

    If you want to debate that some people are born physically better than others I will have to agree with you. Some people are born with birth defects, and some people are born with genes that make them physically competative with others. I personally don't believe intelligence, and however you measure it are innate qualities that are established at birth.

    I don't know of any studies that offer any proof of this either, besides twin studies, which are using IQ to establish intelligence, and factors that are not isolated from the effects of socialization. Do you think Mozart would have gotten 130 on an IQ test? I think how you define and measure intelligence is a great deal.
  • edited December 2008
    I think people are all born with equal capacities to learn (not counting people with diseases) and it depends on how they were raised and what they experience.
  • edited December 2008
    iVamp;42233 said:
    snip
    how can you acknowledge the existence of physical differences but deny that of intelligence? the latter is just an extremely specialized measure of the former.

    really, even if you don't use proper studies (which point to a difference at birth), you can notice very easily that people who do better don't necessarily work harder, and people who do worse don't necessarily slack off. You're in university, the phenomenon's all around you in very direct, measurable ways.

    that is not to ignore the huge socialization factor, of course, but that alone doesn't explain the variation.

    Have you taken an intro psyc course?
  • edited December 2008
    I'm a joint major in Psyc and Crim, and have taken several courses in learning. I was also asked to TA PSYC X99.

    I don't understand your first comment, I'm acknowledging physial differences, and I don't think intelligence is a physical difference. I recognize that someone born with brain damage, or something like down's syndrome's brains develop in ways that inhibit learning. So are you saying people born with downs are born with that level of 'intelligence'? It's been shown that early intervention with children who have Downs or Aspergers has a critical value. If intelligence was innate this theoretically should have no effect.

    University is not a measure of cleverness or intellgence in my opinion, in regards to your second question. In fact, the ability to learn how to do work quicker, and with less effort is something people learn: How is anyone born with that knowledge innately over others? In my first year I learned how to write an essay at the last minute and to get an A doing it, after my first semester was a disaster with me taking days to write essays and doing mediocre. How did I go from getting C's on essays I spent days on, to A's on essays I wrote the night before, was I reborn?

    EDIT: Further, how can you prove anyone's lack of effort as a confounding variable when examining innate ability? It would be near impossible. Human potential is not a variable you can measure exponentially, you could never separate all the inhibitions and internal thoughts and processes going on in someones mind and prove whether they gave their all, or did not give their all.
  • edited December 2008
    Would you like to give us your definition of intelligence then?
  • edited December 2008
    I don't have a defnition of intelligence, if anything I would name the term this thread starter is referring to as 'innate ability'. I didn't make claim to have a definition for 'intelligence', and I don't believe in innate ability either. I just am very skeptical that people are born with innate ability to learn, just the inability to in rare circumstances.

    I mean, if we have an entire family of people who dropped out of high school, then all of a sudden we have someone who graduates from University down the genetic line, how would you interpret this? Just recessive genes?

    I know noone here is claiming that it is just biology, but I don't think biology has any relevance, except for physical maladies which inhibit the ability to learn through physical pathology. Using twin studies as the sole relationship between intelligence and biology is full of confounding variables, and adoption studies as a check on nurture is full of confounds as well as I mentioned in an earlier post.

    I, and others think intelligence is a human created term and has little relevance (I'm not referring to the bias in IQ tests). Some people excel in some categories in life, and that is just that in my opinion. I'm not even some post-modern hippie, I like positivism and biology, I just don't think biology is a good explanation in this scenario. If I'm wrong then I think we should bring back eugenics.

    If anyone can formulate a workable / testable definition of intelligence I'm all ears.
  • edited December 2008
    I believe that people can become cleverer if they really do work hard at something with hopes of being successful. However, in comparison to those born with an innate or hereditary form of intelligence, there is no competition. People who are born in the "gifted" range (top 2-3% IQ) don't work to be smart, they are just born that way due to genetics or whatever. It was also stated that people in the top IQ percentage have lower levels of glucose in their brain. However, this is not to say that low levels of glucose in the brain cause a higher IQ.

    Yeah, I just had my exam for PSYC 102 today, haha.
  • edited December 2008
    hmm.. i'm surprised this hasn't come up yet but has anyone wondered that people we perceive as stupid is actually really smart? for instance.. given that the world is filled with people that possess a certain level of intelligence.. the only way for "smart people" to make sense to them if they have the capacity to what these people are saying.. so if someone is actually really REALLY smart but can't explain or demonstrate it in a way that everyday people can understand.. they're seen as the less intellectual? =\

    is anyone getting what i'm saying here or am i sounding like a dorkhead? =S

    so yeah.. i'd like to believe that we can become cleverer with age and experience (cause i'm a dumb person and if this is all the intelligence i have.. it's going to make me a sad sad person) but i've also seen people who are "naturally gifted" and can also understand where the argument of intelligence being a social construct is coming from.. honestly.. i really don't know where i stand on this..
  • edited December 2008
    Wow...I can't believe there's a debate on what essentially is the "nature vs nurture" argument. Anybody who has taken any sort of bio/psych/sociology class knows that whenever this argument comes up, it's always "both". Case closed.
  • edited December 2008
    lol it has to be both, theres a biological and social impact in relation to intelligence

    every brain is different in respect to to the amount of information it can retain (compare a monkeys brain to that of a humans, duh)
  • edited December 2008
    Magnificent_Bastard: Go fuck yourself, you pseudo-intellectual wanna be.

    Lazyguy: Uh you're comparing monkeys to humans, you're comparing two different species, how is that a valid comparison?
  • edited December 2008
    I like you ivamp

    a lot

    ;)
  • edited December 2008
    iVamp;42279 said:
    Magnificent_Bastard: Go fuck yourself, you pseudo-intellectual wanna be.

    Lazyguy: Uh you're comparing monkeys to humans, you're comparing two different species, how is that a valid comparison?
    How is that pseudo-intellectual, sir? If you're bringing courses you've taken into this, then it's it consistent that, with regards to the nature vs. nurture debate, in all courses I've taken, there's always evidence supporting both sides. Unless you have some secret underground scientific research that nobody has seen or read about, or you're one of those extremists, who seems to think that one side is just "missing the picture", I'd really like to hear your 100% conclusive evidence that it is social upbringing that dictates one's intelligence.

    Please, enlighten me, you cock-sucking asshole.
  • edited December 2008
    brains in monkeys are the exact same as brains in humans, only difference is size, and size correlates to genetic differences....

    human brains vary in size, and usually bigger means higher intelligence, but this becomes kind of fuzzy when you take into account the social aspect of intelligence. Also, the brain is still uncharted territory as no one has full understanding to how it works so you cant just ignore biological factors.

    I've only skimmed through all of this but are you saying that every human can achieve steven hawking level intelligence if they grow up in the right environment?
  • edited December 2008
    Magnificent_Bastard;42282 said:


    Please, enlighten me, you cock-sucking asshole.


    haha i love you both
  • edited December 2008
    I agree that biological and environmental factors are major players in determining the cause of intelligence. People can be born with great intelligence but also, shared environments an individual is surrounded upon can have a major impact on a person. It has been studied that people that grew up in a educationally-rich environment actually scored higher on the IQ tests in comparison to those who were bored with a low socioeconomic status and were somewhat deprived. So, I think both nature + nurture, in combination, both contribute to intelligence.
  • edited December 2008
    In support for a biological explanation of intelligence and cognitive ability:

    Genome-wide quantitative trait locus association scan of general cognitive ability using pooled DNA and 500K single nucleotide polymorphism microarrays


    The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory (P-FIT) of intelligence: Converging neuroimaging evidence

    This was a meta-analysis, I believe. It's just the abstract, but you can get the idea.

    I found a few supporting the theory of intelligence/SES as well, but the articles sucked. Either way, like I said before, evidence on both ends. So please, spare me the partisan bullshit.
  • edited December 2008
    I just pointed to those people because in one of your first replies, you completely discounted individual differences and according to you, if everyone worked hard enough we can all achieve the same goals.

    Who gives a flying fuck what any of them would've scored on the IQ test (or absolute intelligence measure if we can ever come up with one). The whole point was that making harder does not make you equal just because you weren't born with some deficiencies.
  • edited December 2008
    The "everybody can do everything" model is a childish hippie fantasy. All evidence points to strong genetic pre-determination of potential, and environmental factors determining how much of that potential is realized. But some quite simply don't have the same heights available to them.
  • edited December 2008
    lazyGUY;42283 said:
    brains in monkeys are the exact same as brains in humans, only difference is size, and size correlates to genetic differences....

    human brains vary in size, and usually bigger means higher intelligence, but this becomes kind of fuzzy when you take into account the social aspect of intelligence. Also, the brain is still uncharted territory as no one has full understanding to how it works so you cant just ignore biological factors.

    I've only skimmed through all of this but are you saying that every human can achieve steven hawking level intelligence if they grow up in the right environment?
    Go take BIO 101, and go read up on genetics, because you have no idea what you're talking about.

    I didn't say everyone giving all of their effort can be Steven Hawking, because everyone's effort is different, its not different because of biology, its different for social and internal reasons.

    I never said this wasnt nature and nurture, I said that nature is only people being born with the ability to learn hindered. None of you have addressed any of my points regarding methodology, and franky I won't bother repeating myself over and over again.

    You can quote as many studies as you want, because there is no conclusive evidence either way. Quoting single studies showing your side does not prove your point.

    Morro: "All evidence points to strong genetic pre-determination of potential, and environmental factors determining how much of that potential is realized. But some quite simply don't have the same heights available to them." All evidence does not point to strong genetic per-determination, exaggerating your point does not prove anything.

    danoobie: Just because someone 'gives it their all', doesnt mean everyone is equal, everyone has psycho-social hinderences that cannot be measured or developed by science at this point in time. I said this in my last post, please go back and read it.
  • edited December 2008
    Anyone who uses IQ tests to back up their reasoning, is arguing a lost cause.

    IQ tests mean jack shit.
  • edited December 2008
    iVamp;42347 said:
    I never said this wasnt nature and nurture, I said that nature is only people being born with the ability to learn hindered. None of you have addressed any of my points regarding methodology, and franky I won't bother repeating myself over and over again.
    But then you're basing your theory on the assumption that, if one is born without some form of genetic abnormality that directly hinders learning (Down Syndrome, etc.), then we put them into the arbitrary category of "normal", and all of these "normal" people have the exact same potential as everybody else?

    First of all, being "normal" is also a social construct. Secondly, the main point is, there are slight biological and genetic variations that can always affect the way people learn. Besides, I think the point lazyguy was trying to make was that if you look at the size of brains across species, let's say, rhesus monkeys vs chimps, vs humans, you will see that the prefrontal cortex of humans is much larger. And it has been shown that the frontal lobe is related to planning and goal directed behavior, as well as problem-solving skills. Plus, the lateral prefrontal cortex is the site of working memory.

    My point is, if one child is born with a slightly smaller frontal/pre-frontal cortex, it would undoubtedly affect the way they learn, and as a result, their overall intelligence.
  • edited December 2008
    awesomeness;42348 said:
    Anyone who uses IQ tests to back up their reasoning, is arguing a lost cause.

    IQ tests mean jack shit.
    k i lyek think ur wrong cuz lyek i gotz a iq of lyek over 150, mmmkay?

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